Heckler & Koch USP Torture Tests


The HK USP is probably the most thoroughly tested pistol ever produced. The testing process of the USP, already extreme in exceeding strict NATO AC-225 Military Specification Standards, in many ways mirrors the regimen the HK SOCOM pistol was subjected to .

The barrel of the USP is cold-hammer forged from high-grade chromium steel, the same type of steel used in cannon barrels. During testing, a bullet was deliberately lodged in a USP barrel. Another cartridge was then fired into the obstructing bullet. The second bullet cleared the barrel, resulting in a barely noticeable bulge. The pistol was then fired for accuracy and the resulting group measured less than 2.5 inches at 25 meters.

Other less destructive tests reveal much about USP reliability and durability. Function testing a wide selection of ammunition types, one test gun fired more than 10,000 rounds without a single malfunction. That means no stove-pipes, no failures to feed o r eject; no jams! Endurance firings of test samples has passed 20,000 rounds of high performance .40 S&W ammo without any parts failures. Sever temperature tests required the USP to be frozen at -44 degrees F (-42 degrees C) and then fired, frozen again a nd quickly heated to 153 degrees F (67 degrees C), and then fired again. These temperature spectrum tests were continually repeated, and with no adverse effects on the USP.

Demanding NATO Mil-Spec mud and rain tests were conducted, again with the USP passing without difficulty. Water immersion and salt spray also presented no problems to the USP. Outside metal surfaces of the USP are covered with an extremely hard nitro-gas carburized and black oxidized finish.

All internal metal parts, including springs, are coated with a special Dow-Corning process that reduces friction and wear. Both the internal and external finishes have proved to be especially corrosion resistant. For more than two years, German Navy comba t divers have used the same process on weapons parts without any signs of rust.

Safety testing exceeded the ANSI/SAAMI requirements adopted in May 1990. These included dropping a USP with a primed cartridge and decocked hammer on a variety of surfaces without discharging. The USP easily surpassed these commercial requirements, as wel l as German police tests, including repeated drop tests from six feet, hammer first, onto a steel backed concrete slab. Proof round firing resulted in no cracks, deformations, or increase in head space. attempts to fire the USP pistol with an unlocked bre ech proved impossible.

The HK recoil reduction system (patent pending), a mechanical dual spring buffering device, is another feature common to the USP and the HK SOCOM pistol. During the USP testing phase, HK engineers discovered this innovative unit reduces the peak force act ing on the USP grip to less than 300 Newtons (66 pounds). Peak force shock on competing .40 caliber polymer and metal framed pistols climbed to more than 5000 Newtons (1102 pounds).

The primary benefit of low peak shock is a decrease in wear and tear on pistol components. Reduction in peak shock forces also contributes to softer recoil for the shooter, although these "felt recoil" values are much more subjective.

Excerpted from the 1993 Edition of Sentinel Magazine.

Testing Data

Information provided by HK, Incorporated

Tolerance Inspection              Trigger Pull, firing pin energy and
                                         protrusion, headspace, caliber,
                                         velocities, etc.

Safety Inspection                 Controls and safeties

                                         Proof firing (2 Winchester DP40 proof
                                         rounds)

Targeting                         Zeroing (25 meters, POA/POI)

                                         Ammunition compatibility

                                            More than 85,000 rounds fired thus
                                            far during testing of the USP40

                                         Accuracy (USP40, 10 shots, 25 meters)
                                                    
                                            Most accurate (3.2 - 3.9 in.)

Reliability/functional test       20,000 round reliability test
                                            Fired in various attitudes, checked
                                            every 1,000 rounds for cracked or
                                            broken parts and for accuracy. 
                                            slide manually cycled 1,000 times 
                                            after each 10,000 rounds fired.

                                         No normal wear detected in less than 
                                         5,100 rounds

                                         USP40 and USP9 perfect record through
                                         first half of the test. Second half 
                                         of test ongoing at time of writing 
                                         (This document
                                         was printed in August of 1993.)

Barrel obstruction test           Live round fired with projectile 
                                         positioned at forcing cone and 
                                         30mm into muzzle.

                                            No damage to pistol. 
                                            Accuracy unaffected.

Drop tests                        According to SAMMI/ANSI Z299.5/1990 and
                                         German BMI test methods. Primed case in
                                         chamber, 13 dummy rounds loaded, hammer cocked,
                                         safety/decocking lever set to "fire"
                                            All six sixes of weapon, plus 45 degree top
                                            muzzle, onto rubber from height of 4 feet.

                                            Six times onto cocked hammer onto steel/concrete
                                            from height of 3 and 6.7 feet.

                                         No ignition or primer indent permitted. Pistol must
                                         function normally after tests are completed.

Noise level test                  Measured in dB (A) height of muzzle, 1 meter front
                                         and left of muzzle.

                                            Winchester and Remington 180gr JHP=139 dB

                                            Remington 155gr JHP=143.5 dB

Fouling test                      1,000 rounds w/o cleaning or lubrication

                                            Comparable to S&W 4006

Environment test (NATO AC225-D14) Low temp (-46 C, -51 F)

                                         High temp (63 C, 145 F)
                                         Thermal shock (-46 to +63 C)
                                         Mud bath (10 minutes exposure)
                                         Particulate (sand)  (10 minute exposure)
                                         Freezing rain (1 hour to -46 C)

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